- Крамар, С.С. (orcid.org/0000-0002-2583-3987) (2025) Methodology for Developing Informatics Teachers’ Competence in Robotics in the Context of non-Formal Education Doctoral thesis, Інституті цифровізації освіти.
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Abstract
Kramar S.S. Methodology for Developing Informatics Teachers’ Competence in Robotics in the Context of non-Formal Education. – Qualification scientific work as a manuscript. The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in specialty 011 – Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, within the educational and scientific program "Information and Communication Technologies in Education." – Institute for Digitalisation of Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine. – Kyiv, 2025. The relevance of the study is due to the growing need to modernize the process of teacher training in modern conditions of digitalization of education, the rapid development of engineering and technical innovations and the growth of society's demand for highly qualified ICT competent specialists. Particularly important in this context is the issue of quality training of teachers of computer science, able not only to navigate in new technologies, but also to introduce them into the learning process, ensuring the development of key competencies of students. Non-formal education, due to its flexibility, practical orientation and a variety of forms of organization (online courses, trainings, project schools, clubs, circles, etc.), opens up wide opportunities for the development of professional competencies of teachers, in particular in the field of robotics. Especially relevant is the use in informal education of accessible and at the same time functional tools such as Arduino and TinkerCad, which allow to develop engineering thinking, programming skills, integrate knowledge on various subjects into a single educational space. However, the analysis of the current state of training of computer science teachers testifies to the insufficient development of methodological approaches to teaching robotics precisely in the conditions of non-formal education, as well as the fragmentation of practical materials, the lack of consistency in the formation of appropriate competence. The study acquires particular relevance in the context of the implementation of strategies for the digital transformation of education, in particular the Concept "New Ukrainian School," the Concept for the Development of Digital Competencies of Citizens and UNESCO recommendations on the ICT framework for teacher competence. In such conditions, the role of the teacher as a facilitator of innovation, able to independently design educational content, adapt educational materials to the level of knowledge of students and create conditions for research activities, is growing. The development of competence in robotics allows computer science teachers not only to learn new technologies, but also to effectively adapt them to the needs of different age groups of students, taking into account cognitive, psychological and social characteristics. The presence of the established competence contributes to interdisciplinary integration, in particular the implementation of STEM education elements in the lessons of computer science, physics, mathematics, and labor training. It also provides conditions for students to develop skills of system thinking, teamwork, creative solution of technical problems - skills that are key in the 21st century. The need for research and scientific and methodological study of the problem of developing competence in robotics of computer science teachers in non-formal education is due to a number of contradictions that arise in the modern educational environment, namely: - between the need to introduce robotics technologies into the educational process and the lack of methods focused on non-formal education; - between the rapid development of digital technologies and the low level of their integration into the process of training computer science teachers; - between the high demand for practical courses in robotics and the limitations of existing educational programs and models of non-formal education that can ensure their effective assimilation. The purpose of the dissertation research is to substantiate and develop a methodology for the development of competence in robotics of computer science teachers in the conditions of non-formal education and experimental verification of its effectiveness. To achieve the goal, the following was carried out: - analysis of domestic and foreign experience in the implementation of the Arduino platform in the training of teachers; – clarification of the conceptual-categorical apparatus; - development of a structural and functional model of using Arduino as a means of developing the digital competence of teachers in non-formal education; - developed a methodology for the development of competence in robotics of computer science teachers in non-formal education and experimentally tested its effectiveness. The proposed approach is based on the principles of open education, project-oriented learning, personalization, development of professional autonomy of the teacher, integration of STEM elements and competence approach. During the implementation of the methodology, special attention is paid to: – creating conditions for reflection, critical thinking; - Designing individual educational trajectories; - development of skills of application of acquired knowledge in real educational environment; - forming a culture of using digital tools in education. Taking into account the characteristics of the target audience (teachers working in schools with different technical support, level of readiness, motivation), a methodology has been developed that involves the gradual mastering of knowledge and skills, orientation to practical tasks, the use of a modular and mixed approach, the combination of individual and group training. Its implementation contributes not only to the professional growth of teachers, but also to the popularization of robotics among students and teachers, the formation of motivation for innovation in the educational environment. Along with this, the teacher's ability to organize interdisciplinary training increases, which is a necessary condition for the implementation of cross-cutting content lines and the formation of key competencies in the New Ukrainian School. The effectiveness of the methodology was tested through an experiment, which demonstrated its positive impact on the growth of teachers’ digital competence. The experiment was conducted as part of non-formal teacher professional development using such formats as webinars, workshops, training sessions, individual consultations, and communities of practice on social media. Participants had the opportunity to undergo a full cycle of training - from a basic acquaintance with the capabilities of Arduino to the creation of an author's project using physical or virtual models, which provided a deep practical assimilation of the material. Scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the study For the first time: theoretically substantiated and developed a model for using the Arduino platform as a means of developing digital competencies in robotics of computer science teachers in non-formal education; criteria, indicators and levels of formation of digital competence in robotics of computer science teachers are substantiated. In the course of the study the next statements were clarified: the concept of digital competence in robotics of a computer science teacher; the methodological approaches to the use of Arduino and TinkerCad platforms in non-formal education of teachers. Got further development: theory and methodology of application of robotics hardware and software for informatization of informal education of computer science teachers. Practical significance of the obtained study results: developed and experimentally tested the methodology for the development of competence in robotics of computer science teachers in non-formal education; developed: practical manual "Arduino for computer science teacher: Virtual modeling and programming in TinkerCad"; section of the teaching aid: "Arduino software and hardware complex as a means of scientific education of teachers." Reliability of the obtained results. The statistical verification of the results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for developing informatics teachers’ competence in robotics in the context of non-formal education. The proposed results can be used in the activities of centers of professional development of teachers, institutions of postgraduate education, STEM centers, institutions of higher education to improve the system of advanced training of computer science teachers in accordance with modern educational and technological challenges. Developed method: - can be used in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education; - adapted to work in STEM camps, educational hubs, engineering studios, digital laboratories; - promotes the popularization of robotics among teachers and students; - forms motivation for innovation; - has a high potential for scaling and adaptation to regional needs.
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