- Шиловська, О.М. (2020) Theoretical basis of the diagnosis of development of the primary school pupils' ability to discursive constructing of experience Актуальні проблеми психології: Том: Психологічна герменевтика, 12 (2). pp. 99-112. ISSN 2072-4772
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Abstract
The article analyzes the theoretical approach to the diagnosis’ features of development of the primary pupils’ ability to discursive constructing of experience. The hypothesis was made that the constructing process in the initial stages of young school age (children of the first and the second forms) is possible to consider, in advance, from the point of view of construction of their own "I". In the older period of this age, we can talk about the development of the ability to construct certain life events. In the previous stages of the research, it was proved that the child’s ability to construct is significantly determined by the social and the cultural environment in which the child is. We also assume that the ability to comprehend one’s own "I" and individual experience as a background for the formation of the ability to construct in early school age depends on the level of development of cognitive, emotional and personal spheres. Timely diagnosis of these spheres’ development and systematic work for development based on the results of diagnostics, create the basis for the development of the child’s ability to "create" his "I", to comprehend his own life experience. The selection of tools for the diagnosis of the primary school pupils’ cognitive sphere is determined in order to study the child’s ability to discursive constructing of experience. In particular, diagnostic techniques should be directed at speech development, the development of thinking (ability to compare, systematize, generalize, make certain logical conclusions, make connection from the cause to the effect, criticality of thinking, the ability to make own conclusions), the formation of the inner action plan and imagination development. The researching of the personal sphere of primary school pupils’ emphasis should be placed on identifying the level of reflection development, and in particular on such criteria as the child’s ability to self-analysis, the ability to rely on adequate self-esteem under disorienting influences, the ability to regulate own behavior, correlating it with the expectations of others, the presence of the child positive attitude to yourself, the ability to set goals for the near future perspective, the ability to find internal resources to achieve goals. In studying the components of emotional development that cause the development of the ability to discursively construct experience, we identified: the development of a certain autonomy from adults as independence the emotional state of the child from the emotional states of significant adults; development of emotional decentralization; the ability to realize own different emotional states, the ability to control their own emotions. Further research will be focused on the selection of reliable, valid and age-appropriate for primary school pupils’ diagnostic methods.
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