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The stress-related and trauma related disorders: an integrative approach

- Лукомська, Світлана Олексіївна (orcid.org/0000-0002-0360-6484) (2018) The stress-related and trauma related disorders: an integrative approach Актуальні проблеми психології, 1 (14). pp. 187-198. ISSN 2072-4772

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Abstract

Traumatic life events are common among persons. In recent years there has been a growing awarenessof the importance of trauma in shaping the course ofpeople's lives. Restoring social and behavioral functioning after disasters and situations of masscasualty has been extensively explored overthe last few decades. According to classical conditioning theory, the traumatic event serves as an unconditioned stimulus that evokes an immediate and "hardwired" response from the organism (unconditioned response).Physiological activation during stressful events may play a central role in the pathogenesis of illness. No evidence–based consensus has been reached to date with regard toeffective interventions for use in the immediate and the post mass traumaphases. Because a traumatic or highly stressful event often causes profound changes in a person's outlook, often stays highly accessible for years, and often comes to mind spontaneously in response to internal and external cues, it may be perceived as a major causal agent and thus as a highly salient turning point in the person's life. However, at the same time, having a trauma as a salient turning point in the life story may lead to oversimplifications. It may cause the person to focus on those aspects of his or her current life conditions that can be explained by reference to the trauma, and to ignore aspects that defy such causal attributions.Weidentified five empirically supported intervention principles that should be usedto guide and inform intervention and prevention efforts at the early to stages: a sense of safety, calming, a sense of self– andcommunity efficacy, connectedness,hope. Scarcity of available resources, inequities in their distribution, and inefficiencies in their use pose the three main obstacles to better mental health, especially in low-income and middle-income countries.

Item Type: Article
Keywords: trauma, PTSD, DSM-5, mental health, stress-related disorders, trauma related disorders,stress recovery.
Subjects: Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 1 Philosophy. Psychology
Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 3 Social Sciences > 37 Education > 37.01/.09 Special auxiliary table for theory, principles, methods and organization of education
Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 3 Social Sciences > 37 Education > 378 Higher education. Universities. Academic study
Divisions: Institute of Psychology after N.Kostiuk > Department of methodology and theory of psychology
Depositing User: м.н.с. О.В Котух
Date Deposited: 12 Feb 2019 14:31
Last Modified: 12 Feb 2019 14:31
URI: https://lib.iitta.gov.ua/id/eprint/714552

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