- Старков, Д.Ю. (2015) Psychogenic factors and neutralization techniques for chemical addicts’ craving to consumption of psychoactive substances. Актуальні проблеми психології, 13 (11). pp. 256-267. ISSN 2072-4772
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Abstract
Pathological craving (PC) for psychotropic substances consumption as a part of the chemical addiction syndrome is discussed in the article. The phenomenological picture of PC manifestations (processual nature, decreasing of struggle motives before consumption) and other mechanisms of returning to consumption (in which PC is not appeared) are described. The difference between PC and obsessive- compulsive disorder is shown. Narcological, behavioral and cognitive-behavioral models of PC are reviewed, their drawbacks at description of this phenomenon are shown. A new model of pathological craving based on J. Nuttin’s motivation theory is built. According to this theory, addictive motivation for consumption is regarded as a fixed by experience instrumental channel for satisfaction of basic needs. On the basis of this theory, the range of phenomenological manifestations of PC is explained. It is shown that creation of alternative «healthy» channels of basic need satisfaction is primary necessary for treatment of PC in particular and in the treatment of addiction in general. The mechanism of PC deactualization is analyzed. The principles of psychological corrective work on PC neutralization are proposed. Inefficiency of the rational approach is shown as well as necessity for regression methods. The practical technique of neutralization of the state of emergency is proposed based on the approaches of Ericksonian hypnosis and Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. The results of neutralization technique effectiveness for different types of customers are cited.
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