Preschool children with motor allalia: logopsychodiagnostic study of basic thought operations

- Рібцун, Юлія Валентинівна (orcid.org/0000-0002-2672-3704) (2023) Preschool children with motor allalia: logopsychodiagnostic study of basic thought operations Věda a perspektivy, 8 (27). pp. 99-111. ISSN 2695-1584

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Abstract

The article discloses the modern definition of motor alalia, presents the method of logopsychodiagnostics of thinking functions of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification, carries out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of the conducted research in a comparative plan with typical speech development. It is important to note that, in general, the child's level of development is a conditional indicator, because his intensive psychophysical and personal development necessarily takes place precisely under favorable conditions of correction. During the conducted research, we were convinced that motor alalia inhibits the full development of cognitive activity in preschoolers. The obtained results of performing diagnostic tests proved that the tasks that are more complex in terms of the level of mental actions using familiar material were performed by children much better than comparatively easier ones, but using materials unfamiliar to preschoolers. The results of the experiment confirmed the data of encephalograms that insufficient formation of thinking operations in the specified category of preschoolers was manifested in: a) low torpidity of mental processes (48.0%); b) increased fatigue (96.0%). Our study of cognitive development involved identifying not only the level of knowledge of each child, but also the formation of individual cognitive processes. It was important for us to find out the nature of the primary disorders and to identify their basis: a complex speech disorder that delays the general psycho-speech level of the child, or an intellectual disorder or a delay in mental development that slows down and distorts speech progress. Differential logopsychodiagnostics made it possible to distinguish between alalia and dysarthric disorders, hearing and intellectual disorders. The conducted research helped to find out the degree of manifestation of the disorder at the elementary or higher level of organization of mental activity.

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