- Біланова, О. (orcid.org/0009-0008-9431-6503), Іващенко, Л. (orcid.org/0009-0007-5397-668X) and Кульбіда, С.В. (orcid.org/0000-0002-0194-3495) (2026) Extralinguistic factors of linguistic contacts of Ukrainian sign language Education of Persons with Special Needs: Ways of Development (28). pp. 81-101. ISSN 2313-4011
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Abstract
The article carries out a systematic analysis of extralinguistic factors that determine intermodal contacts between the Ukrainian verbal language and Ukrainian sign language. The relevance of the study is due to modern transformational processes in the language space of Ukraine, where intermodal contacts between the Ukrainian verbal language and Ukrainian sign language are formed under the influence of an extensive system of extralinguistic factors. Language contacts are an extremely complex and multi-stage process, closely related to the development of society. The phenomenon of language contact occupies a prominent place among sociocultural processes, reflecting both qualitative and quantitative parameters of intercultural contacts. The goal is to determine the theoretical foundations of the term "language contacts" and to reveal extralinguistic factors of language contacts of the Ukrainian language and Ukrainian sign language. Methods: system-structural analysis, retrospective, emic sociolinguistic monitoring, discourse analysis, comparative, modeling method for developing a generalized table of extralinguistic factors, reflecting the relationship between the type of influence and a specific language result in contact. Results. A complex of historical, socio-political, cultural and psychological circumstances that influence the mechanisms of interaction of the audio-verbal and visual-spatial systems is identified. Particular attention is paid to the role of educational models (oralism, bilingualism) and urbanization processes in the formation of contact forms of speech, as well as the influence of European standards on the legitimization of UZHM in the official discourse of the state. A separate vector of the study is the analysis of the impact of martial law (2022–2026) as a powerful catalyst for language changes. It is proven that the full-scale aggression led to the intensive terminologization of Ukrainian Sign Language, increasing its prestige through media coverage of state briefings and accelerated standardization of new gestures. The psychological aspect of solidarity and national identity of the Deaf is highlighted, which is manifested in the rejection of lexemes shared with the aggressor language. The results emphasize the transition from asymmetric contact to the intensive development of the Ukrainian Sign Language space as an integral component of national security and culture. The scientific perspective is the development of theoretical models of intermodal language interaction and the formation of an empirical database on the functioning of Ukrainian sign language in the modern communicative space. Such research will contribute to the improvement of sign language policy and the development of an additive model of sign bilingual education in Ukraine.
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