The honesty of the New Enlightenment minds

- Бойченко, Михайло Іванович (orcid.org/0000-0003-1404-180X) (2025) The honesty of the New Enlightenment minds Мультиверсум. Філософський альманах, 1 (181). pp. 3-21. ISSN 2078-8142

Text (ДОБРОЧЕСНІСТЬ РОЗУМУ НОВОГО ПРОСВІТНИЦТВА) 576-Article Text-1027-1-10-20250503.pdf Download (526kB)

Abstract

The two World Wars of the last century called into question the previously unconditional faith in the power of humanity's mind and provoked devastating criticism of the European Enlightenment project, which was seen as the main source of such faith in reason, science, and the ability of man to make responsible and reasonable decisions and actions. Criticism of faith in reason was partly fair, especially in the part where it was directed against unjustified scientism and the tendency to elitism and repressive instrumental rationality often associated with it. However, criticism of reason in itself is something unnatural when it comes to Homo sapiens. The article argues for the need to revise ideas about the human mind and its main tasks - in particular, the hypothesis is put forward about the need to change the epistemological approach to reason to an ontological one, and the instrumental view of reason to a moral understanding of the purpose of reason. Attempts to rethink the metaphor of the Enlightenment in the new ontology of light are revealed – in particular, in the works of Martin Heidegger and Karl Jaspers. It is argued that the crisis of normativity, which has widely unfolded in the 20th century not only in science, but also in the sphere of morality and culture in general, cannot be overcome by rejecting normativity or by recognizing a weak relativistic version of normativity. The thesis is proven that, if the crisis of the classical Enlightenment is the result of the loss of social normativity, then the New Enlightenment should be based on a new normativity, and above all – a new integrity of reason as its moral integrity. It is substantiated that the new common world should not become a common world of survival and fear, but a responsible common world of virtuous reason. Within the framework of transcendentally and intersubjectively defined norms inherent to humanity and developed by humanity in its concrete history, which has already actually taken place, representatives of a responsible community can create new forms of normativity - on the basis of multiple social practices of embodying virtuous reason.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	virtue of reason, New Enlightenment, social normativity, shared responsibility, ontology of the common world
Subjects:	Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 1 Philosophy. Psychology
Divisions:	Institute of Higher Education > Department Interaction between Universities and Society
Depositing User:	м.н.с Пільщіков Ілля
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2025 13:24
Last Modified:	11 Jun 2025 13:24
URI:	https://lib.iitta.gov.ua/id/eprint/745569

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