Шайгородський, Ю.Ж. (orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-6138) (2024) Solidarity: Scientific and Practical Conceptualisation of the Phenomenon . ІПіЕнД ім. І. Ф. Кураса НАН України, м. Київ, Україна, pp. 9-31. ISBN 978-617-14-0361-1
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Abstract
The concept of “solidarity” is revealed, the main characteristics and manifestations of this phenomenon as a phenomenon of social life, as an ideological construct and a model of coexistence are highlighted. The subject matter of “solidarity” is outlined as the basis of sociological, political and socio-psychological theories, used to denote the level and strength of social interaction, group ties, the state and dynamics of socio-political processes, the goal, means of social development, etc. Attention is focused on the theoretical and practical significance of solidarity in the context of globalization – strengthening of interstate interdependence – economic, political, cultural integration, unification of standards, norms and rules. It is shown that these systemic and objective processes are determined by information and communication, migration, financial and economic comprehensiveness, and the coherence of the development of transport, energy, technological, trade and service systems, etc. Solidarity is interpreted as integrity and unity, a commonality of ideas and feelings, values and moral norms, which are realized through various forms of cooperation and mutual assistance, compassion and mutual understanding, etc, as well as its synonyms, describes certain forms of social ties based on the psychological unity of people, and the basis of unity is a non-contradictory integrity based on common interests, coincidence of values, and unity of goals. The dominant socio-psychological characteristic of the phenomenon of “solidarity” is group cohesion in achieving a goal and a vision of ways to achieve it, and ultimately, value-oriented unity. This unity is the basis of “solidarity” - a system of social ties based on the degree of coincidence of assessments, positions and attitudes regarding phenomena, events, ideas, moral norms, dominant values and goals that are important for a social group. The level of group solidarity (cohesion), duration and effectiveness of interaction is mediated by its value and subject content, determination of the means of achieving the goal and time (short-term or long-term) perspective. It is proved that solidarity as a social phenomenon, as a theoretical construct and practice of human interaction, as a process and result of this interaction, and as a regulator of behavior is a holistic phenomenon, a form of human and social life. Like most other universal concepts (trust, justice, freedom, etc.), solidarity is a fundamental principle and basic characteristic of social life, cognition and spiritual and practical development of the world, harmonious and sustainable development.
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