- Шелестова, Л.В. (orcid.org/0000-0003-3699-4919) (2024) Specialized secondary education in Ukraine: building of content and formation of profiles Педагогічні інновації: ідеї, реалії, перспективи, 2 (33). pp. 7-18. ISSN 2413-4139
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Abstract
The modern education system of Ukraine is undergoing a reform process, with the development of specialized secondary education being one of its key directions. This stage plays a crucial role in preparing young people for adult life, particularly for admission to higher education institutions or entry into the labor market. Specialized secondary education aims to develop key competencies and knowledge that are essential for future success. Both scholars and practitioners are paying special attention to the study and formation of the content of this education. The article highlights the fundamental principles of specialized education, as outlined in several normative documents, including the Laws of Ukraine “On Education”, “On Complete General Secondary Education”, and the State Standard of Specialized Secondary Education (SSSSE), which is planned for implementation in 2027. These documents define the main directions for the future development of the secondary school system. Particular attention in the article is given to the theoretical analysis of the problem of developing the content of specialized secondary education and the formation of study profiles. Specialized education envisions two main models: academic and vocational, each with its specific features and objectives. The academic model is designed for students who plan to continue their studies in higher education institutions, while the vocational model is aimed at those seeking to acquire a profession and start working immediately after graduation. In this way, specialized education enables students to make an informed choice about their future path while still in school. An important aspect of specialized education is the individualization of the learning process, ensuring that the educational process aligns with each student's abilities and interests. This enhances motivation for learning and ensures quality preparation in various directions based on personal needs. The article examines the impact of modern approaches to the individualization of the educational process on the quality of specialized education. The author also analyzes the contributions of Ukrainian scholars, including V. Kremen, O. Topuzov, T. Zasekina, and others, who are actively working on developing new methodological approaches to building the content of specialized secondary education. Their research, in particular, contributes to a better understanding of the balance between the mandatory core curriculum and the variable component. The latter provides for a differentiated approach to learning, allowing students to fully realize their talents and prepare for future professional challenges. The article emphasizes that this balance is a necessary condition for implementing specialized education at a high level. Thus, specialized secondary education in Ukraine is an important link in the educational system, enabling young people to make informed decisions regarding their future professional or academic paths.
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