- Бех, І.Д. (orcid.org/0000-0002-4763-1673), Канішевська, Л.В. (orcid.org/0000-0002-4190-1601) and Журба, Катерина Олександрівна (orcid.org/0000-0002-3854-4033) (2024) Formation of national identity of schoolchildren in modern scientific understanding «Наукові інновації та передові технології» (Серія «Управління та адміністрування», Серія «Право», Серія «Економіка», Серія «Психологія», Серія «Педагогіка»), 12 (40). pp. 982-994. ISSN 2786-5274
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Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of national identity of schoolchildren. The purpose of the article is to determine the essence of the concept of "national identity" and the ways of its functioning; to develop criteria and indicators of the formation of national identity of schoolchildren of different age groups and diagnostic tools for identifying the levels of formation of national identity of schoolchildren. Ukrainian national identity is the ideological and value core of the life of an individual who acquires, preserves and practically confirms it in more or less widely significant matters. An individual as a subject of national identity is steadfastly aware of his belonging to the Ukrainian nation, as the creator of spiritual and cultural values; forms on their basis his own semantic and value formations that make up his higher self-image, and realizes it in a worthy life. Let us emphasize that national identity as a special social phenomenon has a tendency to directed formation. Therefore, there is every reason to state specific ways of functioning of this formation, or its corresponding mechanisms. The latter can be arranged in a certain hierarchy (sequence), the basis of which is appropriate to put the level of involvement as a means of affirmation in national identity. The first, elementary way of functioning of national identity is opposition. Therefore, citizens' representation of this level of the way of functioning of national identity practically occurs on the basis of physical and communicative signs that do not affect national originality, but only signal a corresponding difference from representatives of another nation. The next way of functioning of national identity is the mechanism of direct belonging to one's nation. From now on, the concept of a foreign nation is taken out of the brackets of one's own national experiences. All vicissitudes of this scale are considered by citizens within their own national borders. The mechanism of national consciousness should be considered a developmentally perfect way of functioning of national identity. The essence of the latter is that it directly affects the category of spirituality that already prevails in society, determining certain national actions. It is advisable to single out such a way of functioning of national identity as a mechanism of national self-esteem and self-valuation. With the help of this mechanism, the process of formation of the stability of national-essential identity occurs, its preservation from certain external destructive factors, which can certainly manifest themselves with less or more force. It is clear that national stability is the sum of the mental stability of its citizens. Criteria and indicators of the formation of national identity of schoolchildren of different age categories have been developed. Diagnostic tools have been developed to identify the levels of formation of national identity in schoolchildren. The following issues require further study and development: development of appropriate methodological programs for the formation of national identity in a growing personality; study of the potential possibilities of humanitarian disciplines in the context of the problem of the formation of national identity of schoolchildren.
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