- Шевченко, Світлана Миколаївна (orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-8893) (2024) Actualization of the philosophical and educational concept of Y. Fedkovich and S. Vasylchenko in the modern education system "Scientific Innovations and Advanced Technologies" (Management and Administration Series, Law Series, Economics Series, Psychology Series, Pedagogy Series), 10 (38). pp. 751-761. ISSN 2786-5274
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Abstract
The article examines and updates the philosophical and educational concepts of Yury Fedkovich and Stepan Vasylchenko, their significance for the modern education system. It was determined that the philosophical understanding of the problems of education of Yury Fedkovich and Stepan Vasylchenko was based on the significant achievements of philosophical and pedagogical thought of previous periods. At that time, the educational process was considered as an aspect of human existence, which, due to its great state importance, was under the patronage of the princely authorities, which began to introduce school education. Centers of Orthodox Church education were also created, in which self-education played an important role. At the same time, existence in the conditions of a constant external threat (harsh "school of life") left its mark on the main tasks of education and self-education: they were oriented to the priority of the land, the work of the farmer. It was found that the creative heritage of Yuriy Fedkovich was diverse: poetry, prose, dramatic works, fairy tales and tales, and the prose itself includes more than 60 novels, short stories and short stories. They are aimed at instilling humanity and kindness, adopted by the Ukrainian national spirit. They have a call on how to temper the will and character. The writer served the Ukrainian national idea, saw in it a single goal. His educational activity was aimed at enriching the culture and education of the Ukrainian people. The traditional Ukrainian family in Yu. Fedkovich's pedagogical system was the highest educator of the younger generations. He claimed that parental pedagogy cannot be replaced by anything and anyone, especially friendly relations between parents and children, brothers and sisters, relatives and in-laws - the best means of nurturing high spirituality and humanism, national spirit, character, consciousness, psychology and patriotism. It has been established that Stepan Vasylchenko is known to Ukrainian readers as a novelist, playwright, literary critic and translator. His poetic system of drama was formed during a turning point for Ukrainian literature and theater, when the understanding of the role of the theater changed, new themes and aesthetic concepts appeared, which determined to a large extent the originality of the genrecompositional forms and the figurative palette of the dramatic work. Most of Stepan Vasylchenko's works have returned from oblivion, but they still remain underappreciated and understudied. Stepan Vasylchenko went to the formation of national versions in Ukrainian realities, to the reawareness of the parameters of native culture, looking for creative means adequate to new cultural challenges. In order to clarify the leading constructive aesthetic idea of the playwright, his works can be considered at different levels, depending on the goal set by the researcher - for example, revealing the traditions of Ukrainian drama both in form and in the sphere of ideas, problems, content, its existence in the context of world theater culture. Drama as a literary genre usually does not provide a place for authorial characteristics (except remarks) and direct analysis of what is happening on the stage, having as an aesthetic object the emotional and volitional reactions of the protagonist, embodied in verbal form and physical actions. it is said that one of the leading themes of Vasylchenko's work was the life of national teachers, in which he exposed the unsatisfactory state of education in Ukraine, the backwardness of national schools, and the difficult legal and financial situation of primary school teachers. It has been established that the creative work of Yury Fedkovich and Stepan Vasylchenko represents a philosophical and pedagogical concept that is the result of a philosophical understanding of education as a special dimension of human existence. The reconstruction of the concept of Yury Fedkovich and Stepan Vasylchenko gives pedagogical thinking the character of syntheticity and allows it to reconcile in the philosophical theories of upbringing and education the hardly compatible principles of the correspondence of pedagogical influences to ethical ideals, human nature and national culture. The main ideas of the philosophy of education of these thinkers are the education of a harmonious personality through a deep perception of native culture, which finds expression in language, dialogue with the world, and family education. Their relevance in the formation of national and cultural identity is determined by the need to understand and assimilate the national and cultural values of the Ukrainian people, historical memory, preservation of national authenticity and traditions. It was revealed that the most important issue in this regard is the preservation of the national socio-cultural identity in the conditions of globalization, the concentrated expression of which is national education. It has been proven that in the modern conditions of reforming the education system in Ukraine, when searching for the basic principles of national education, it is worth turning to the national heritage - the work of famous thinkers of the past who studied the content, role and significance of education in the life of society, in particular, in the life of the Ukrainian community.
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