Critical thinking of children of senior preschool age: history, essence, means of development

- Цвєткова, Г. Г. (orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-4856) and Мельничук, Є. (orcid.org/0000-0001-8224-3257) (2021) Critical thinking of children of senior preschool age: history, essence, means of development Освітньо-науковий простір, 1. pp. 111-119. ISSN 2786-6890

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Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of developing critical thinking of senior preschool children. Critical thinking is analyzed as a scientific and philosophical problem; the evolution of views on critical thinking is characterized; emphasis is placed on foreign research and it is determined that thinking critically means the ability to consciously evaluate, reason, think, i.e. to show a person’s mental, emotional, cognitive activity which should be aimed at solving a specific problem. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, it is concluded that the development of critical thinking of senior preschool children is a dynamic process characterized by the ability to perform basic critical operations in relation to information or problem situation, manifested in the ability to analyze, evaluate, make decisions. It is clarified that the successful development of critical thinking in senior preschool children in the educational process is provided by a set of pedagogical conditions: activation of cognitive activity of preschoolers, aimed at obtaining information necessary to assess and justify their position on the issue; formation of the need for cognitive activity; creating opportunities for gaining experience in the manifestation of critical thinking through experimentation. An original, effective tool for effective development of critical thinking in senior preschool children – eidetics which aims to develop all mental processes and activates, all possible resources of human memory for the use of acquired knowledge in life and promotes the harmonious development of both hemispheres of the brain. The following main educational and upbringing tasks are solved which is solved by eidotechnics: expands the creative possibilities of the child due to the harmonious work of the left (logic) and right (creativity, figurative thinking) hemispheres of the brain; forms children’s ability to learn effectively and independently; increases the child’s self-esteem due to the effectiveness of learning, creating psychological comfort; organizes attention and helps to form skills for the conscious imagination. Eidetic methods and techniques that promote the development of critical thinking in senior preschool children are identified.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	eidetics, critical thinking, children of senior preschool age, eidotechnics, development of critical thinking of children of senior preschool age, eidetic methods and techniques
Subjects:	Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 3 Social Sciences > 37 Education > 37.01/.09 Special auxiliary table for theory, principles, methods and organization of education > 37.02 General questions of didactics and method Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 3 Social Sciences > 37 Education > 37.01/.09 Special auxiliary table for theory, principles, methods and organization of education > 37.09 Organization of instruction Science and knowledge. Organization. Computer science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications > 3 Social Sciences > 37 Education > 373 Kinds of school providing general education
Divisions:	Institute of Problems on Education > Laboratory of preschool education and upbringing of the Center for early child development and preschool education
Depositing User:	Дмитро Вячеславович Трейтяк
Date Deposited:	21 Aug 2024 11:16
Last Modified:	21 Aug 2024 11:16
URI:	https://lib.iitta.gov.ua/id/eprint/742241

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