- Пилипчук, Я. В. (orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-3166), Ростока, Марина Львівна (orcid.org/0000-0002-1891-5482) and Коваленко, Інна Едуардівна (orcid.org/0000-0001-5633-0234) (2024) The Ukrainian training system for military psychologists: periodization through the prism of historiography Вісник аграрної історії (47-48). pp. 293-315. ISSN 2307-3179
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is the analysis of the training system of military psychologists and the periodization of its development. The novelty of this work lies in the content analysis of textbooks, dissertations, programs, articles on military psychology and the creation of a holistic study devoted to the periodization of the development of military psychology in Ukraine. Research methods. During the research, problem-chronological and comparative research methods were used. Research results. Military psychology as a specialty has been taught since Soviet times. However, specialists in this specialty were trained in Moscow. Military psychology in the Soviet Union was in many cases an ideological science, and it was practiced by graduates of the political school. Ukraine's independence brought new challenges to society. Ukraine was forming its Armed Forces. This made it necessary for Ukrainian educational institutions to train their own specialists. Research institutes were created at military institutions. In the period 1990-1999, materials were accumulated and specialists were trained. Scientific schools of military psychology were created. In the period 2000-2012, there was a deepening of the study of certain problems of peacetime military psychology. Ukraine is currently experiencing the invasion of Russian troops on its territory. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022-2024 is a high-intensity conflict and the largest conflict since World War II. The war in the East of Ukraine in 2014-2022 under the names ATO and OUF was a local conflict that had a high intensity in 2014-2015. In its development, the training system of military psychologists went through three stages. The first stage is dated 1991-2013. The second stage is dated 2014-2021. The third stage is begin in 2022. Military psychology in the first stage met the needs of peacetime. The problems of morale, discipline and extra-statutory relations were considered. For first stage, the formation of a community of military psychologists was relevant. As for the second stage, Ukraine faced the war and its challenges. After the hot phase of the anti-terrorist operation (2014-2015) has passed, it is time to generalize the work experience of military psychologists in combat conditions. Since 2016, the conference «Military psychology in the dimensions of war and peace: problems, experience, prospects» has been held. 2017 was a landmark year, when several textbooks on military psychology were published. In 2018-2021, a number of specialized dissertations were defended. Such problems as combat stress, military rehabilitation, the psychology of combat trauma, prevention of mental disorders, individual mental disorders, and the impact of combat operations on the families of servicemen were investigated. Specialized textbooks dealt with such important issues as the psychology of combat stress, suicidal behavior, psychology of captivity, techniques for stress relief, communication in military teams, prevention of mental injuries, and psychological readiness for combat. From 2022 Ukraine faced a new challenge - a full-scale invasion of Russian troops and a threat to the very existence of the Ukrainian state. During this period, military psychologists conduct active practice in the conflict of great intensity. This experience will be summarized on paper already after the end of the conflict. In the post-war period, military psychologists will encounter a significant number of mental disorders not only in the military, but also in civilians. It is important to point out that already in 2023, a study on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder was published. Ukraine will face the need to rehabilitate and adapt to peaceful conditions a significant number of military personnel. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine is one of the largest military conflicts in Europe since World War II and is on a par with the Iraqi-Iranian war. It will be useful for Ukrainians to study the experience of Israel and the Balkan countries.
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