- Довгань, Н.Ю. (2018) Theoretical and methodical principles of university students’ physical education during extracurricular sports work Masters thesis, Інститут проблем виховання.
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Abstract
Dissertation for a scientific degree of Doctor of Educational Sciences in speciality 13.00.07. – Theory and Methods of Education, 13.00.02. - Theory and Methods of Teaching (Physical Education, Bases of Health). – Institute of Problems on Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine. – Kyiv, 2018. The dissertation is devoted to theoretical, methodical generalization. It offered a new approach to solving the actual problem of university students’ physical education in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work. The conceptual foundations of university students’ physical education in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work are determined; the cultural-historical retrospective of the issue of the person's physical culture education was made and the scientific approaches (personally oriented, activity oriented, systemic, environmental) to the university students’ physical education were suggested, which enabled to characterize the modern theoretical principles of university students’ physical education. The conceptual completeness of university students’ physical culture education is substantiated; the essence and structure of the concept "physical culture of a student's 9 personality" is determined, which is considered as the reasoned need and ability of the individual for physical self-perfection, aimed at his/her comprehensive and harmonious development, covering the whole set of physical, mental, moral-volitional and spiritual qualities acquired in physical culture classes at higher educational institutions; psychological and pedagogical factors and regularities of university students’ physical culture education are established; the strategy of students’ physical culture formation is described. The strategy of university students’ physical culture education as a holistic psychological and pedagogical phenomenon is based on the understanding of the essence of its components (cognitive, emotional, value, behavioral and activity), it takes into account the origins of the physical culture of an individual, based on varieties of physical culture, and has in their essence material, spiritual and aesthetic values. Psychological and pedagogical factors of physical culture upbringing of student's personality are considered as a special combination of subjective (the totality of motivational settings, values orientations, individual consciousness and student's outlook) and objective factors which are characterized by modern conditions of educational process’ organization in higher educational institutions. The regularities of university students’ physical culture education in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work, determine the social and personal development of student youth, take into account the peculiarities of the formation of human physical culture’ components, as well as biological laws which ensure the normal interconnection of the organism with the environment for the formation of abilities to physical education activity. The general didactic principles of physical education (nature and culture correspondence in teaching, individual-personal approach, harmonious (value) personality development, health orientation, connection with student's life activity) and specific principles of physical education (legitimacy, democratization of educational process, systemic, strategic integrity, multidimensionality, systematic, accessibility and individuality, dynamism, pedagogical age adequacy influence) are described. 10 The psychological and pedagogical context of constructing the content of university students’ physical education is constructed. Extracurricular sports and mass work with students is defined as a system of special activities for the formation of personal qualities aimed at the acquisition of knowledge and skills, the formation of future specialists’ competences, which serve as the basis for their personal and professional development. The specifics and the conceptual model of extracurricular sports-mass work in a higher educational institution, aimed at upbringing the physical culture of a student's personality, are revealed. The methodological principles (systemic, integrity, isomorphism, activity mediation, invariance) and the program of empirical research of education of university students’ physical culture education are presented; the criteria, indicators and educational levels of the physical culture of the student's personality are determined; the results of the confirmatory stage of the pedagogical experiment are presented. According to determined components, the criteria (mental, emotional, value, motor activity) and the indices of parenting of physical education of students are substantiated; there were defined four levels of their education (high, sufficient, average, low). The results of the confirmatory phase of the experiment showed an insufficient level of physical education of I-II course students. The revealed state of university students’ physical education confirmed the necessity of substantiation and designing of the pedagogical system for the education of students' physical culture in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work at higher educational establishments and the definition of psychological and pedagogical conditions for its effective implementation. The pedagogical system of university students' physical culture education is grounded and designed in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work at higher educational institutions, the main components of which are reflected in the target (goal and tasks), conceptual (methodological approaches, principles), prognostic (components, criteria, indicators and levels), forming (stages of organization, methods, forms, means and psychological and pedagogical conditions) effective (positive 11 dynamics of education of physical culture of students of higher educational institutions) blocks. Within the framework of the implementation of the designed pedagogical system, the content-methodological provision of the physical education of students in higher educational institutions in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work is developed, which is reflected in the teaching aids: "Moving Games", "Physical Self-Improvement of Students", "Physical Education. Fitness " (co-authored); author's courses: "Physical education. Volleyball", "Physical education. Aerobics", "Physical education. Rhythmic gymnastics" (co-authored), "Physical Education. Pilates", "Physical education. Bodifitunes"; in the multimedia program “Beautiful Body”. Innovative fitness programs based on motor activity of aerobic character, and fitness programs on the basis of recreational types of gymnastics are developed and introduced. The innovative organizational form of education of physical culture is offered functional training, which is the process of sports training, aimed at health promotion, development of motor qualities, increase of level of physical preparedness, and determined by components of physical, mental, spiritual and social conditions. It is revealed that considerable potential for the education of the person's physical culture has an active leisure, which stimulates the creative initiative of the students, promotes their self-education. The psychological and pedagogical conditions of the effective realization of the pedagogical system of education of students 'physical culture in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work at higher educational institutions are determined and substantiated, namely: students' awareness of the importance of physical education and healthy lifestyles; creation of a health-preserving educational environment as a space of possibilities of individual choice of the trajectory of physical development and forms of non-audition sports-mass work; formation of conscious motivation of students to engage in extracurricular sports-mass work and sustainable need for physical selfimprovement; improvement of the content of interactive and multimedia health-saving technologies used in extracurricular lessons on physical education of students; taking into account age and individual characteristics of students, personalization of the 12 process of extracurricular sports-mass work; the formation of subjectivity and the improvement of pedagogical skills of teachers of physical education as a factor in achieving the quality of healthcare-saving educational activities. The analysis of the results of the molding stage of the experiment showed that the positive dynamics of education levels for cognitive, emotional and value, behavioral and activity components of university students’ physical culture education in the experimental group testifies to the effectiveness of the introduced pedagogical system of students’ physical culture education in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work at higher educational establishments. Scientific and methodological recommendations on the basis of educational invariants of personality development (according to I. Bekh) have been developed. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that the theoretical and methodical foundations of the university students’ physical culture education in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work have been determined and substantiated, namely: for the first time a holistic theoretical analysis of the problem of university students’ physical culture education in the process of extracurricular sports work and substantiates the conceptual foundations of this process; the pedagogical system of university students’ physical culture education in the process of extracurricular sportsmass work, psychological and pedagogical conditions of its effective implementation is theoretically grounded and designed; specificity and didactic basis of student youth’ physical education in extracurricular sports-mass work of higher educational institutions are characterized; there were defined criteria (mental, emotional, value, motor activity) with relevant indicators (knowledge in the field of physical culture, information need for awareness of physical culture and sports, development of motor intelligence (ability to fine motor movements); positive emotional-colored attitude towards physical education, need for physical self-improvement, focus in sports and mass activities, motor activity during the week, competitive activity and active leisure) and levels (high, sufficient, moderate and low) education of physical training of students. The essence of the concept "physical culture of the student's personality" is clarified, which is considered as the motivated need and ability of the individual for 13 physical self-improvement, aimed at his/her versatile and harmonious development, covering the whole set of physical, mental, moral-volitional and spiritual qualities that it receives in classes from physical culture at higher educational institutions; the structure of "physical culture of the student's personality" (cognitive, emotional-value, behavioral-activity components) is specified. Further development was achieved: the position on the essence of student youth’ physical culture education, the patterns and psychological and pedagogical factors of this process, content, forms and methods of organization and implementation of extracurricular sports-mass work in higher educational institutions, aimed at raising the physical culture of students. The practical significance of the study’s results is to introduce: a pedagogical system for the education of students' physical culture in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work of higher educational institutions; diagnostic tools for determining the levels of upbringing of the physical culture of a student's personality; content and methodological provision of university students’ of physical culture education in the process of extracurricular sports-mass work, as reflected in the teaching aids: "Moving Games", "Physical Self-Improvement of Students", "Physical Education. Fitness "(coauthored); author's courses: "Physical education. Volleyball", "Physical education. Aerobics", "Physical education. Rhythmic gymnastics " (co-authored), "Physical Education. Pilates", "Physical education. Bodyfitness", in the multimedia program “Beautiful Body”. The theoretical, technological and methodological results of the research can be used in the process of university students’ physical education for creation of educational programs, special courses for students, teaching aids, methodical recommendations, and also can be applied into the system of professional development of pedagogical stuff.
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