Шевченко, Світлана Миколаївна (orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-8893) (2025) Yurkevich Pamfil Danylovych (1826-1874) . Педагогічна думка, м. Київ, Україна, pp. 386-398. ISBN 978-966-644-765-7 (Submitted)
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Abstract
The central problem of P. Yurkevich's philosophy was the problem of man. He became a successor of Ukrainian spiritual traditions in the form of cordocentrism, anthropocentrism of the Ukrainian worldview mentality. He understands man as a free responsible individual. The quintessence of his philosophical views is the "philosophy of the heart" - an original philosophical system, at the center of which is the doctrine of the "heart" as a symbol of the inner world of human experiences. He argued that thinking does not exhaust the fullness of spiritual life: a person learns the world around him with the help of reason, and he can learn the beauty and mystery of the world only with the heart as the center of all "cognitive actions". According to Yurkevich, the mind is the summit, and the heart is the roots of spiritual life. P. Yurkevich's pedagogical theory was part of his plan for organizing human society on the principles of Truth, Goodness, Beauty and Harmony and was an organic continuation of his philosophical and anthropological teachings. He formulated the idea, which is important for pedagogical science and practice, that knowledge is only assimilated when it is warmed by feelings and experiences. Only such knowledge can become an effective force in the spiritual world of a person. He emphasized that education has a transformative power in the life of society, therefore he gave education state importance, believing that only it is a condition for the development of the state. At the same time, he proved the unity of teaching and learning in the process of forming a personality. There is a relationship between reason and will, head and heart, wisdom and love, knowledge and character, but knowledge of goodness and justice alone does not make a person good and just. In the matter of teaching and upbringing, he attached particular importance to the role of a teacher and considered this position one of the most honorable. Main works: “The Heart and Its Significance in the Spiritual Life of Man, According to the Teaching of the Word of God” (1860, reprinted 2010), “Readings on Education” (1865), “Course of General Pedagogy” (1869), “Different Types of Unity in the Science of Law. From the Manuscript Heritage” (1999), etc.
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