- Базиль, Тамара Станіславівна (orcid.org/0000-0001-5663-4406) (2023) Sociopsychological Readiness of Medical Field Volunteers for Activity in Crisis Conditions Masters thesis, Інститут психології імені Г.С. Костюка.
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Abstract
Bazyl T.S. Sociopsychological Readiness of Medical Field Volunteers for Activity in Crisis Conditions. – Qualifying scientific work, manuscript rights reserved. Dissertation for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy, specialty 053 – "Psychology" (05 – Social and Behavioral Sciences). - G.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2023. The dissertation presents a theoretical summary and a new concept of the sociopsychological readiness of individual for volunteer activity during armed conflict, develops a procedure for its diagnosis, and empirically identifies the leading and auxiliary psychological and socioprofessional components of the readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions. The primary goal of this research is to determine the leading and auxiliary characteristics of the sociopsychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions. To achieve this goal, we undertook several research tasks. Under the framework of research tasks, we analyzed the state of theoretical-methodological development concerning the sociopsychological readiness of individuals for volunteer activity in crisis conditions. Additionally, we constructed a structural-content model of the readiness, specifically tailored for volunteers operating in such conditions. In terms of methodology, we developed and tested a diagnostic toolkit. This toolkit is designed to identify the characteristics shaping an individual psychological readiness for volunteering in the medical field under crisis conditions. We empirically identified and outlined the psychological aspects that contribute to the readiness of medical field volunteers. This involved distinguishing between the leading and auxiliary components of their sociopsychological readiness for activity in crisis conditions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the fact that: for the first time a structural-content model of the sociopsychological readiness of volunteers for activity in crisis conditions was constructed; a diagnostic toolkit, aimed at identifying the characteristics of the development of psychological readiness of individuals for volunteer activity in the medical field under crisis conditions, was developed and tested; the characteristics of the development of sociopsychological readiness of medical students, medical professionals, and health care managers for volunteer activity during armed conflict were determined; the basic, leading, and auxiliary components of the sociopsychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions were differentiated and defined; deepened and expanded the understanding of the capacity of medical field volunteers to act in crisis conditions; the theoretical provisions of contemporary psychology on volunteer activity in the context of the social activity of the individual; further advancement was achieved in refining the terminological apparatus of social psychology (differentiating the content of the concepts "volunteer activity in crisis conditions," "basic, leading, and auxiliary components of the sociopsychological readiness of the individual for volunteer activity in crisis conditions"); in applying the resource-competency approach to the issue of sociopsychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in conditions of armed conflict. The theoretical significance of the research results is determined by their fundamental scientific novelty and is based on the creation of a structural-content model of the sociopsychological readiness of volunteers for activity in crisis conditions, and the identification of the basic, leading, and auxiliary components of the sociopsychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions. The scientific inquiries and achievements are presented in three chapters of the dissertation. In the first chapter – "Theoretical-Methodological Foundations for Studying the Problem of Sociopsychological Readiness of the Individual for Volunteer Activity in Crisis Conditions" – the resource-competency approach is substantiated as fundamental for studying the problem of sociopsychological readiness of the individual for volunteer activity in crisis conditions; the state of theoretical-methodological development of the problem is analyzed; the concept of sociopsychological readiness of the individual for volunteer activity is explicated; and a structural-content model of the sociopsychological readiness of volunteers for activity in crisis conditions is developed. The resource-competency approach adoption enabled comprehension of the sociopsychological readiness of the individual for volunteer activity as the development of interdependent and interconnected characteristics complex, which is fundamental for effective self-management and optimal decision-making in uncertain crisis situations. This open dynamic personal formation, architectonics of which assume various meaningful configurations, is centered around an integrative corpus of individual psychological and socioprofessional resources and competencies, explicated in altruistic participative activity. The generalization of the research problem theoretical analysis results enabled the structural-content model development for the sociopsychological readiness of volunteers for activity in crisis conditions. This model involves identifying motivational resources (motives of social usefulness, general activity, communication, creative activity, status, life support, comfort, and personal safety) and emotional-volitional resources (emotional stability, emotional tone, positive emotional manifestations, conscious discipline, self-organization, responsibility, activity, self-control, perseverance, collectedness, independence, initiative); PsyCap (confidence, life resilience, optimism, and self-efficacy); a complex of nonspecialized (supra-professional) personal characteristics or soft skills (empathy, communicability, stress resistance, abilities to model and plan activities, evaluate their effectiveness, flexibility, tolerance to uncertainty); and socioprofessional resources (age, gender, education, social status, income, overall work experience, volunteer activity domain, experience in volunteering, experience in volunteering in the medical field in general and particularly in crisis conditions). In the second chapter – "Empirical Study of the Characteristics of Psychological Readiness of Medical Field Volunteers for Activity in Crisis Conditions" – the methodological and organizational foundations of the empirical study are presented; a methodological toolkit for determining the characteristics of readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions was developed and tested; the main psychological resources for the readiness of volunteers for activity in crisis conditions were identified; the characteristics of the psychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions were determined, and its basic components were revealed. The empirical study was conducted taking into consideration the non-classical psychodiagnostics methodological foundations. The non-classical psychodiagnostics methodology is reflected in the psychodiagnostics toolkit development and testing, the sample design, and in the obtained empirical data interpretation. The representativeness of the sample was ensured by organizing a main group of respondents (150 medical field volunteers working in crisis conditions) and two additional groups: 150 volunteers from non-medical fields working in crisis conditions, and 50 medical field volunteers providing assistance in safer conditions. The main group comprises three subgroups of 50 individuals each: students studying in medical specialties, medical workers, and health care managers. The total sample of the study consisted of 350 individuals aged between 18 and 59 years (237 female and 113 male). In accordance with the theoretical model of the study, we designed diagnostic toolkit for determining the development of psychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions, and its construct (i.e., differential and factor) validity was proven and confirmed. Differential validity is determined by the differences in results between the main (medical field volunteers) and auxiliary (non-medical field volunteers) samples. Factor validity was demonstrated by factorizing the survey results: six factors were obtained, five of which reflect the components of the structural-content model, and the sixth (the intellectual resources of the individual) contributes to the study theoretical model as an additional component. The development of the readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions was determined based on the following basic components: motivation for self-actualization in social activity, resilience, orientation towards supporting life activities, and tolerance to uncertainty. The results of the empirical study highlighted differences among the three groups of respondents: students studying in medical specialties, medical workers, and health care managers. In the third chapter, namely "Empirical Determination of the Sociopsychological Resources of Medical Field Volunteers During Armed Conflict", the socioprofessional aspects of the readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions were defined, the leading and auxiliary characteristics of their sociopsychological readiness were identified, and the model evaluating the sociopsychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions was further detailed. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, differences were identified among the three groups of respondents: students studying in medical specialties, medical workers, and health care managers. For students, the motivational sphere is characterized by higher scores in comfort motives, personal safety, and communication motivation; lower scores in the motivation of social usefulness; higher interest in mastering volunteer activity; idealization of its process and results; lower stability of emotional-volitional resources, self-doubt, a tendency to overestimate their own capabilities; less conscientiousness in various types of social activity; lower demandingness regarding moral-ethical qualities in communications. In terms of the development of soft skills, students have lower scores in communicative competence and ability to plan activities, a tendency to expect positive outcomes of current and future activities; and a higher propensity for depersonalization. Medical workers generally have intermediate values of competencies and resources compared to other groups. However, like managers, they show the lowest needs for comfort and personal safety; high scores in emotional-volitional resources, criticality, self-demandingness, work capacity and conscientiousness, and stability of moral-ethical resources. Health care managers are characterized by the highest motivation for social usefulness and more realistic expectations regarding the outcomes and process of volunteer activity. Their soft skills are better developed, i.e. the need for planning activities and the ability to set realistic, hierarchically structured, and time-bound goals. They also exhibit significantly lower levels of anticipatory anxiety and high personal satisfaction with the process of their activity. Based on the results of linear regression analysis, the leading characteristics of the sociopsychological readiness of medical field volunteers for activity in crisis conditions were creative communicative purposefulness, stress resistance, self-efficacy, and experience in volunteer activity. The generalization of the results of the comparative analysis across the three subgroups of the main group allowed for the identification of auxiliary psychological components of readiness: motivational (motives of social usefulness, general and creative activity, status, life activities support, comfort, and personal safety), emotional-volitional (emotional stability, conscious discipline, self-organization, responsibility, activity, self-control, perseverance, collectedness, independence, initiative) and intellectual resources of the individual, soft skills (life resilience, optimism, empathy, communicability, abilities to model and plan activities, evaluate their effectiveness, independence, tolerance to uncertainty). Among the auxiliary socioprofessional components we distinguished age, education, work experience in the medical field, and experience in volunteer activity in the medical field in general and particularly in crisis conditions. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of their application for solving both scientific and cognitive, as well as socially practical tasks in various fields of social practice: in the medical field, education, social work, psychological counseling, psychological rehabilitation, and professional coaching. Some of the findings of the dissertation can be applied in the development of scientific and methodological materials in creating educational courses in social psychology, personality psychology, military psychology, basics of psychological counseling and psychological rehabilitation, crisis psychology, and medical psychology. This can contribute to improving the quality of professional training for practical psychologists and other professionals in the social and economic fields. Additionally, these findings can be useful in the development of psychological practices and technologies to enhance the effectiveness of medical field volunteers' activities in wartime and in the post-war recovery period in Ukraine. The established normative indicators of the proposed methodological toolkit aimed at assessing the characteristics of the development of individual sociopsychological readiness for volunteer activities in the medical field in crisis conditions have independent practical significance. The implementation of this toolkit can contribute to increasing the productivity of the volunteer movement in contemporary Ukraine and strengthening its defense capabilities against external aggression. Keywords: sociopsychological resources, readiness for volunteer activity, volunteer in the medical field, crisis conditions, armed conflict, motivation, self-actualization, value-meaning sphere, life-meaning orientations, altruism, psychological wellbeing, life resilience, coping, participation in civil society organizations, participativeness.
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