Рroblems of adaptation to education of students of primary education in the conditions of martial law

- Гнатюк, Ольга Владиславівна (orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-6283), Пророк, Н.В. (orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-1108) and Чекстере, Оксана Юріївна (orcid.org/0000-0003-2435-3831) (2023) Рroblems of adaptation to education of students of primary education in the conditions of martial law Габітус (54). ISSN 2663-5208 (Submitted)

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Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of adaptation to study of primary education pupils of under martial law. The main stressors that affect the psyche of children are listed: air raid signals, staying for a long time in a shelter or a bomb shelter, difficult living conditions, moving to a new place of residence, in particular to other countries, the educational process with various learning formats (online, offline, mixed) etc. A number of documents approved by the Government have been submitted to ensure the sustainability of the educational process, create safe conditions for students and teachers, support those who were forced to move to safer areas of Ukraine or abroad, for the continuation of systemic reforms at all levels of education. The peculiarities of the concepts of «adaptation» and «maladaptation» are revealed, which is defined as a multifactorial process of reducing and disrupting the child's ability to learn as a result of the mismatch of the conditions and requirements of the educational process, the closest social environment, his psychophysiological capabilities and needs. The criteria for a successful adaptation process at school have been determined: the productivity of educational activities, the psychological state of the student, his emotional well-being, the absence of internal tension and discomfort. Methods were proposed, which were used to identify those students who find it difficult to adapt to new conditions, a new class, who have difficulties in a team, as well as those students who have the social-psychological and educational status of a junior high school student or a gamer. As a result of the study, 3 groups of children with easy adaptation were identified, groups of children with adaptation of «medium difficulty», another group with «difficult adaptation». It was established that students who cannot adapt to new learning conditions («difficult adaptation») have learning problems, such as inability to concentrate, refusal to attend school, poor relationships with classmates at school, etc.

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