Intellectual metacognitions and a personality experience constructing in the old age

- Смульсон, Марина Лазарівна (2021) Intellectual metacognitions and a personality experience constructing in the old age Актуальні проблеми психології: Том: Психологічна герменевтика, 13 (2). pp. 39-51. ISSN 2072-4772

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Abstract

The article shows that the constructing of a new personality experience at every age stages is a complex intellectual problem that requires special cognitive and metacognitive processing. In old age, the situation is significantly complicated by decreasing in the total intellectual system of the weight of the fluid intellect and increasing of the weight of the crystallized intellect. The crystallized intellect is based on knowledge and skills gained from past experience, and, accordingly, is most effectively used in problems that require this knowledge. It is determined that intellectual metacognitions (components in the structure of intelligence, which are oriented at the organization, regulation and coordination of other, basic cognitive processes) play an important role in the process of personality experience constructing. An intellectual initiation (problem statement), decentration, reflection and strategicness are leading intellectual metacognitions. The dynamics of metacognitions determines the potential of an intellect development and self-development. The effectiveness of the experience constructing by an old person depends on the coordinated action of all analyzed metacognitions. From the point of view of the place of metacognitions in the process of a personality experience constructing, the results of the experiment of the famous American researcher Ellen Langer are analyzed, who proves that people are young as much as they realize themselves as young.

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