- Завгородня, О.В. (2016) Ratio-humanistiс approach in the elaborating of ethical-psychological problems: development prospects Вісник НТУУ “КПІ”: Філософія. Психологія. Педагогіка, 3 (48). pp. 102-106. ISSN 1683-3309
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Abstract
The aim of the article is to identify the key ethical-psychological ideas of Georgy Ball and to formulate the trends and prospects of their development. It is noted that these studies correspond to the everlasting spiritual needs of man, as well as with essential issues of our time. According to the scientist, the state of ethical components of social consciousness, which lacks rational, balanced approach, deserves critical evaluation and the level of ethical consciousness (not only the mass, but also the elite) is far behind the requirements of the time. It shows the productivity ratio-humanistic approach to the study of ethical-psychological issues and the importance of Ball’s scientific heritage in this context. Disclosed important theoretical achievements of the scientist in the study of ethical-psychological problems, namely: definition of the categories of good and evil, analysis of the problems of identifying good and evil, analysis of manifestations of the interconnection of good and evil, their ontological inseparability, formulation of an universal moral guidelines, which corresponds to the ratio-humanistic approach, definition of the required properties of person who doing good, analysis of contradictoriness of normative regulation of behavior and of the complexity of value conflicts, justification of impropriety and irrationality of maximalist approach to solving that conflicts. According to the scientist, the ratio-humanistic approach rejects the moral maximalism, as well as the moral nihilism. At the same time Ball emphasized the need to maintain reliable ethical values orientations. Overcoming the moral maximalism and nihilism is complicated by the fact that extreme positions support each other because wrongly perceived as alternatives which provide choices. On the basis of the achievements of the scientist were formulated directions, trends and prospects of the study of ethical-psychological problems. It is important to provide further psychological interpretation, clarification, definition and ordering of concepts related to ethics (care, guilt, forgiveness, enlightenment, repentance, pride, temptation, anguish, boredom, etc.), to identify and characterize their psychological components. It is also important to exercise the ratio-humanistic interpretation of ethical issues, particularly the issue of different strategies of social behavior (in ethical context), namely: strategy of cooperation, strategy of guard, strategy of masking, strategy of hybrid "posttruth", etc. Emphasized the urgency of Georgy Ball’s ethicalpsychological ideas, the relevance and importance of their development and implementation in practice.
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