Spiritual and moral children education in domestic school (the XX-th century – the first quarter of the XXI-st century)

- Сіданіч, І. (2014) Spiritual and moral children education in domestic school (the XX-th century – the first quarter of the XXI-st century) Other thesis, Східноукраїнський національний університет імені Володимира Даля.

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Abstract

The dissertation founds conceptual ideas and methodological approaches to investigation of theory and practice of spiritual and moral pupils’ education in the national school in the XX-th century – the first quarter of the XXI-st century, the historiography value of periodization and source base of spiritual and moral education of children within the certain chronological limits according to the socio-political, socio-cultural and educational determinants are highlighted. The links between political, social and economic factors, ideological principles and policies of the educational process that were causing changes in purpose, objectives, content, and means of spiritual and moral education of children in domestic school in the XX-th century – the first quarter of the XXI-st century are disclosed. This paper contains disclosing of essence and meaning of spiritual and moral children education in the different periods of the national school development, historical and educational information about the purpose, content, forms and methods of spiritual and moral children education in domestic school is expanded. Historical facts and statistical information on the history of spiritual and moral children education in domestic school are introduced to the scientific community. Basic definitions of theoretical and methodological foundations of spiritual and moral education ("spirituality", "morality", "spiritual and moral children education in domestic school") are clarified. Native teachers contribution in the spiritual and moral children education and means of creative use of their heritage in the modern Ukrainian school are observed. Consistency and integrity of the investigation of spiritual and moral education enabled the isolation and study of five periods of spiritual and moral education of children in domestic school in the XX-th century – the first quarter of the XXI-st century. The first period (1900–1919 years) – the development of spiritual and moral education in terms of the revival of Ukrainian statehood and national school. The first phase of this period (1900–1916 years) – the proclamation of freedom of speech, press and improving conditions for the revival and development of the national school of spiritual and moral education, the formation of the Christian outlook, humane traits of man, involving young people in charitable activities; the second phase (1917–1919 years) – a national establishment of spiritual and moral education of children in domestic school. The second period (1920–1932 years) – the formation of the national-patriotic educational ideal in terms of Ukrainianization of education. The first phase (1920–1923 years) – the rise of the national school at the time of short-term national independence, the development of spiritual and moral education based on Marxist methodology; the second phase (1924–1932 years) – non-religious and anti-religious, creating of a new national system of education on democratic and pedagogically centered principles, administrative management of Ukrainianization of school and spiritual and moral education. The third period (1933–1945 years) – full and final unification of Ukrainian education on uniform state requirements under the rule of the totalitarian Communist ideology. The first phase (1933–1940 years) – prohibition of Ukrainian schools, their replacement with Russian; introduction of Soviet methodology of spiritual and moral education; the second phase (1941–1945 years) – weakening of anti-religious propaganda, the close cooperation of public and church organizations, youth groups and societies activism based on Christian morality, activation of spiritual and moral education of children in domestic school. The fourth period (1946–1990 years) – the formation of spiritual and moral education in terms of the revival of the national school, the introduction of alternative approaches to the spiritual and moral education in schools in Ukraine. The first phase (1945–1961 years) – development of the education system in Ukraine (the discovery of new types of educational institutions – schools for work and peasant youth, boarding schools, etc.), the introduction of separate education for boys and girls (up to 1954), the mandatory eight years education; the second phase (1962–1990 years) – the national focus of schooling, and development of national cultural and educational space, partial de-Stalinization and the democratization of public life. The fifth period (since 1991) – a qualitative changes in the theory and practice of spiritual and moral education of children in domestic school. The first phase (1991–2005 years) – an intensive development and adoption of legislative and regulatory documents; the second phase (from 2006) – Introduction to school practice of Concept of the younger generation spiritual and moral education. Author determined productive ideas of spiritual and moral education, founded methodological approaches and pedagogical conditions of their adaptation in modern models of development.

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