Jewish Art Pages in Ukraine: A Textbook for Lyceum Students. Emphasis

Бакуліна, Наталія Валеріївна (orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-2660), Уманська, Анна and Риндюк, Наталія (2018) Jewish Art Pages in Ukraine: A Textbook for Lyceum Students. Emphasis . Дух і Літера, м. Київ, Україна. ISBN 978-966-378-608-7

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Abstract

The manual for students of the Lyceum "Pages of Jewish Art of Ukraine" was developed in Ukraine for the first time and expands the possibilities of obtaining specialized secondary education. This manual is approved for use in institutions of general secondary education (letter of the Institute for the Modernization of the Content of Education dated July 2, 2018 No. 22.1 / 12 - Г -464). The content of this training manual introduces students in detail to the world of Jewish historical and cultural heritage in Ukraine from ancient times to the present. This manual acquires exceptional relevance and value as a unique collection of multifaceted Jewish art and its development precisely on Ukrainian lands. The material of the manual includes topics illustrating various types and styles of art, revealing the interplay of traditional and modern Jewish culture, as well as the relationship of Ukrainian and Jewish cultures. Structuring the content of the manual can be considered a successful methodological technique. Its sections are presented in the form of museum halls located according to a certain concentric principle, with a clear logic and chronology of the development of a particular art form. So, from the first pages the main sources are presented, on which the material culture of the Jewish people is based, the basic concepts are introduced that lyceum students can operate on and the basic concepts of the Jewish tradition are revealed. A separate section is devoted to the Jerusalem Temple as the central concept of Judaica in art. The functions and structure of the Temple are viewed through the prism of its cultural and, in particular, artistic value. An important addition are reconstruction models and appearance patterns of the structure, which visually facilitate the perception of the presented material. The next room is dedicated to the synagogue, the main architectural object of the Jewish tradition and the center of life of the Jewish community. In the future, students get acquainted with the objects of the Jewish cult, which were made by artists on Ukrainian lands. Here is a detailed description of the formal and spiritual component of the Torah, a list of ritual utensils of the synagogue with its characteristics and a description of ritual objects. The “traditional part” of the manual concludes with a section on a separate type of stone-carving Jewish art - matzews (tombstones), which is a clear authentic field material collected in numerous scientific research expeditions. Further, the manual gradually introduces readers to the history of new and modern Jewish art, which is associated with the era of Jewish enlightenment - Haskala. The following section halls provide detailed information on typography, Jewish musical culture, theater, cinema, and visual arts. A separate section highlights the unique phenomenon of the Culture League organization, which became the beginning of Jewish modern art. Particular attention is paid to the topic of the SHOA in the works of Jewish artists, each of whom has interpreted and rethought the meanings of the Holocaust of European Jewry. The section details the evolution of views on the tragedy. The last two rooms are devoted to the development of modern art Judaica from the 60s. XX century to the present. Some artists and reproductions of their works, without which it is impossible to imagine modern Jewish art, are being printed for the first time. The last hall, Judaica in Ukrainian museums, describes the current state of museification of Jewish cultural and artistic heritage items and lists regional Jewish museums with their current addresses and a list of permanent exhibits that can be useful to students from the practical side. An important addition to the manual is a detailed glossary of terms that contribute to the understanding and assimilation of the material presented, and a bibliography of useful resources for independent individual research work. The selected material helps to increase the cognitive interests of applicants for educational activities, and the presence of interesting facts - to scientific research, which stimulates the motivation to study subjects of humanitarian cycles. The presentation of information is accessible to understanding by older adolescents and important for the formation of cultural competencies in the Lyceum. Working with the manual will allow students to learn from the lyceum students, master the techniques of mental activity and the scientific style of thinking, and help educate students in humanistic spiritual values and national awareness. A positive fact of the manual is the presence and didactic expediency of the selected unique material of material Jewish culture in Ukraine - photographs, illustrations, portraits, reproductions, objects, architectural structures. Helps to navigate in the manual specially designed by the authors of the orientation apparatus - special signs in the Jewish traditional style. The content of the manual has significant potential for educational formal and informal activities of various types - lessons, classes, projects, exhibitions, presentations, reports, studies and the like. Therefore, this manual can be used as a separate elective course of choice, or as additional educational material in the humanitarian disciplines, both in lyceums with a Jewish ethnocultural component, and in communal or corporate educational institutions of Ukraine of an academic or professional direction. In addition, this material will be useful in non-formal education - during the preparation and organization of cultural events, master classes, expeditions, camps, summer schools.

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