Institute of Pedagogy of the NAPS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Ukrainian Scientific-research institute’s practical activities in the context of individualization of teaching abnormal children (the end of 1940's- mid. 1950's.)

- Дічек, Наталія Петрівна (orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-3630) (2017) Institute of Pedagogy of the NAPS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Ukrainian Scientific-research institute’s practical activities in the context of individualization of teaching abnormal children (the end of 1940's- mid. 1950's.) Special child: education and training (3). pp. 47-58.

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Abstract

This article is a continuation of the lighting on the basis of analysis used for the first time archival and little-known manuscript sources the contribution (1944-1954) of Research Institute of Defectology (special pedagogics) of the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian SSR to the development of schools for children with special needs during the period to its activities - 1948-1954. The beginning of study was published in “Exceptional child: teaching and upbringing” 2014. 2 (70). The focus is on finding the achievements of the Institute in the context of the individualization of the educational process in different types of special schools. Analyzed practical trends of staff’s research activities in the deepening of differentiated approach to children with impaired mental and physical development. The contribution of employees into the deepening of individualization of the educational process in special schools of Ukraine considered a pioneering development of standards assessments in the Ukrainian language (for 1-7 grades) and arithmetic for special school, educational programs for children-imbecile, for deaf children with mental retardation, as well as deepening individualization of teaching deaf means of sound equipment, to contribute to improving the state of complete special schools and training of pupils with special necessities. The results of scientists’ researching various schools allowed to initiate before the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian SSR important issues such as the organization of separate schools for children with speech disorders (in various pathological causes), the differentiation of schools for the blind (according to the degree of blindness) and deaf (according to the degree of deafness). Established the positive achievements of the Institute - providing by staff during numerous business trips to special schools of Ukraine the necessary methodical and practical assistance to teachers and educators, most of which at the time had no special defectological education; study and dissemination of best teaching practices. The disadvantages of the Institute's activities attributed the lack of specificity of the fundamental study of children with special necessities, experimental psychological and educational research.

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