Classification systems of mental retardation and diagnostic approaches for children with moderate mental retardation

- Мякушко, О. І. (orcid.org/0000-0002-7675-7523) (2013) Classification systems of mental retardation and diagnostic approaches for children with moderate mental retardation Освіта осіб з особливими потребами: шляхи розбудови, 1 (4). pp. 146-157. ISSN 2313-4011

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Abstract

The article is devoted to finding methods of psychological diagnosis of children with moderate mental retardation (which are adequate and up-to-date for personal-oriented education) as a necessary step to find ways to effectively organize their correction and rehabilitation education. Based on the synthesis of psychological and educational research some approaches (different in their reasons and criteria for diagnosis) to the classification systems of mental retardation was selected (which differ in their grounds and diagnosis criteria): clinical approach (it distinguishes a clinical mental retardation forms depends on the accompanying syndromes), psychometric approach (it measure the degree of intellectual impairment), social competence approach (it defines the levels of human needs in assistance which necessary for his adaptive functioning in society) and education approach (it differentiates the two groups of children – who can learn and who are only able to acquire some skills). The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are describes. The directions of further psychological studies of children with moderate mental retardation were identified, which are necessary for the realization of personality-oriented education technology for them.

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